Prognostic value of uterine leiomyosarcoma’s histological grade: Clinico-pathological analysis of 22 cases with literature review

Abstract

The clinical data concerning prognostic value of the grade of uterine leiomyosarcomas (UL) are rare and controversial. To extend data in this direction, we analyzed archival recordings of 22 patients, admitted to the clinic in 2012-2020, and diagnosed as UL. Histological samples of malignant tissue were analyzed by two independent morphologists to determine the histological type and grade of tumor. Immunohistochemical investigation (Desmin, SMA) was used for further analysis of tumor pathogenesis. Descriptive methods as well as Spearman Rank Order Correlations and Cox's F-Test were used for data statistical analysis. The study revealed that in metastatic and recurred cancer tissues have the same grade as in primary tumor, meanwhile low grade UL do not turn into high grade forms. The grade of tumor do not correlate to the age of patients and size of tumor. Therefore, these parameters do not serve as an independent prognostic marker. SMA and desmin intensity were found to be stable UL. Both markers may serve for immunohistochemical characteristic of UL pathogenesis. In sum, according to the obtained data, the grade of tumor is suggested as an independent prognostic factor for the treatment of UL, while the age of patient and cancer size are suggested insignificant in this respect.