Biomarker-Based Insights into the Impact of Type 2 Diabetes on Cardiovascular Health

Abstract

This study explores the intricate relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular health, with a particular focus on the role of key biomarkers involved in atherosclerosis progression. Using a retrospective observational study design, the trajectories of oxidized LDL levels were analyzed across distinct cohorts, including individuals with myocardial infarction (MI) with and without diabetes, as well as a non-diabetic control group. The aim was to elucidate the impact of diabetes-associated pathophysiological mechanisms on the progression of hypercholesterolemia. Correlation analyses revealed significant associations between T2DM status and several cardiovascular biomarkers, including Troponin, fasting blood sugar (FBS), triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL, and VLDL. Elevated oxidized LDL levels were observed in T2DM patients, particularly in those with MI, indicating a strong predisposition to cardiovascular complications. A significant difference in the mean oxidized LDL levels was identified across all groups (p < 0.001), highlighting its potential role as a critical biomarker in assessing cardiovascular risk in T2DM patients. These findings underscore the importance of monitoring oxidized LDL and other cardiovascular biomarkers in T2DM patients to better understand the mechanisms underlying cardiovascular disease progression and to develop targeted therapeutic strategies for this high-risk population.