Evaluating Pathological and Diagnostic Innovations in Surgical Specializations in Iraq

Abstract

Background: This study addresses the current gaps in advanced surgical skills and infrastructure within Iraq's healthcare system, examining both the challenges in surgical training and the recent advancements that impact surgical pathology and diagnostics. Methods: A comprehensive survey was distributed to 250 healthcare professionals, including administrators and surgeons, across Iraq. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling—Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to evaluate factors affecting the development of surgical specialties. Results: The findings highlight significant deficiencies in qualified personnel, modern technology, and professional surgical equipment, particularly in less developed regions. Challenges in training methods for surgical specialization also impede the progress of trainees in acquiring necessary competencies. On a positive note, recent governmental initiatives focusing on professional training and financial investment have begun to enhance the capabilities of hospitals and private medical centers to perform advanced surgical procedures. The application of SEM-PLS provided insights into the systemic issues and potential improvements in the surgical sector. Conclusion: The study delineates the critical areas needing attention to advance surgical specialization in Iraq, including the enhancement of diagnostic and pathological services. It suggests that targeted policy changes and increased funding can significantly improve the surgical infrastructure, potentially leading to better patient outcomes in surgical care. These findings offer valuable guidance for policymakers and healthcare stakeholders aiming to elevate the standards of surgical practices and pathology services in Iraq.