Yasir R. Al-Labban
Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad
Mehdi Alrubayee
Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad
ABSTRACT
Background: Tricalcium silicate (Ca₃SiO₅) is a key component in bioceramic materials used in endodontics and restorative dentistry due to its bioactivity, biocompatibility, and excellent sealing ability. It plays a crucial role in pulp capping, root-end filling, and dentin regeneration, making it a preferred material in modern dental applications. Objective: This review provides a comprehensive analysis of tricalcium silicate, covering its synthesis, physicochemical properties, and clinical applications in dentistry. It also highlights its role in tissue healing and its advantages over traditional dental materials. Methods: A literature review was conducted using scientific databases, focusing on studies related to the synthesis, structural properties, bioactivity, and clinical performance of tricalcium silicate-based materials. The review emphasizes its use in dental procedures such as pulp therapy, root repair, and mineralized tissue formation. Results: Studies confirm that tricalcium silicate-based materials exhibit superior sealing ability, high pH, antimicrobial properties, and excellent biocompatibility compared to conventional materials. Additionally, its interaction with tissue fluids promotes hydroxyapatite formation, enhancing dentin remineralization. Recent advancements in nano-engineered tricalcium silicate formulations have further improved its mechanical strength, setting time, and bioactivity, making it an ideal material for vital pulp therapy and endodontic repair. Conclusion: Tricalcium silicate remains a gold standard in bioceramic-based dental materials due to its enhanced biological and physicochemical properties. Ongoing research in material modifications and clinical applications will further refine its role in dentistry and regenerative medicine.
Keywords: Tricalcium Silicate, Bioactivity, Biocompatibility, Ca Ions Release, Healthy Environment to Enamel Substance.
