Abbas Mohammed Alsaedy
Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Science (Ibn Al-Haitham), University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Zeinab M. Al-Rubaei
Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Science (Ibn Al-Haitham), University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
ABSTRACT
Background: Hyperglycemia plays a crucial role in the development of diabetic dyslipidemia and its associated complications. Emerging evidence suggests that interferon-gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) and insulin resistance (IR) are key factors contributing to metabolic disturbances in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Understanding their role may aid in predicting cardiovascular disease risk and monitoring disease progression in diabetic patients. Objective: This study aimed to compare IP-10 and insulin levels among patients with T2DM, patients with both T2DM and dyslipidemia, and healthy controls to evaluate their potential as predictive biomarkers for cardiovascular complications. Methods: A total of 150 participants were enrolled and categorized into three groups: 50 healthy controls (G1), 50 patients with T2DM (G2), and 50 patients with T2DM and dyslipidemia (G3). Fasting glucose (FSG), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were measured using enzymatic methods. Insulin and IP-10 levels were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was measured in whole blood. Results: FSG and HbA1c levels were significantly elevated in both G2 and G3 compared to G1 (p < 0.05). Lipid profile analysis revealed a significant increase in TG, TC, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels in G3 compared to both G1 and G2, while HDL levels were significantly reduced in G3 (p < 0.05). Insulin and IR levels were markedly higher in G2 compared to G1 and showed a further significant increase in G3 compared to G2 (p < 0.05). IP-10 levels exhibited a significant increase in G2 compared to G1; however, a notable decrease was observed in G3 compared to G2 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study is among the first to investigate the role of IP-10 in diabetic dyslipidemia and its relationship with metabolic dysfunction. The findings suggest that IP-10 may serve as a potential biomarker for predicting and monitoring the progression of dyslipidemia in T2DM patients, potentially aiding in the prevention of cardiovascular complications. Further research is needed to establish its clinical applicability in routine disease monitoring.
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Dyslipidemia, Iraqi, IP-10, Insulin.
