Amal Mahmood Alwan
Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Diyala
Thekra Atta Ibrahim
Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Diyala
ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is a major global health concern, affecting individuals regardless of gender and requiring effective management strategies. Among the treatments available, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, such as Dapagliflozin, are emerging as effective oral anti-diabetic medications for type 2 diabetes. These drugs enhance glucose excretion via the urine by inhibiting reabsorption in the proximal renal tubules, thereby lowering blood glucose levels. This study aimed to evaluate the histological effects of Dapagliflozin on the pancreas in male rats with alloxan-induced diabetes. A total of 15 adult male rats were divided into three groups. The control group (n=5) consisted of healthy, untreated rats. The second group (n=5) included diabetic rats induced with alloxan but left untreated. The third group (n=5) consisted of diabetic rats treated with Dapagliflozin at a dose of 2 mg/kg, administered daily for 30 days. At the end of the experiment, all animals were sacrificed, and pancreatic tissue samples were collected for histological analysis. Histological examination revealed significant pathological changes in the pancreas of diabetic rats without treatment, including marked damage to both the exocrine and endocrine regions. The pancreas of Dapagliflozin-treated diabetic rats also exhibited notable histopathological changes, including vascular congestion, inter-acinar hemorrhage, and increased zymogen granules in the exocrine portion. In the endocrine portion, reductions in the size and number of Langerhans islets were observed, along with cell dissolution and internal bleeding within the islets. These findings indicate that both diabetes and Dapagliflozin treatment exert discernible effects on the pancreatic histological structure in male rats with alloxan-induced diabetes. While Dapagliflozin is effective in lowering blood glucose levels, its potential histological impact on pancreatic tissue warrants further investigation to better understand its long-term effects.
Keywords: Dapagliflozin, Diabetes Mellitus, Bancreas, SGLT2.
