Haider M. AL-Khalidi
Baghdad University, College of Medicine, Medical Physics, Baghdad, Iraq
Aedah Zeki Alkaisy
Baghdad University, College of Medicine, Medical Physics, Baghdad, Iraq
Hussein K. Al-Dulaimi
Baqubah, Al-Batoul Hospital, Diyala Province, Iraq
ABSTRACT
Background: X-ray radiation has been implicated in potential reproductive risks, particularly in its effects on sperm quality. However, the impact of varying doses of X-ray radiation on sperm motility and morphology remains poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of low-dose X-ray exposure on human sperm in vitro, focusing on dose-dependent changes in motility and morphology. Objectives: The study aimed to (1) assess the impact of X-ray radiation on sperm motility and morphology, (2) determine the relationship between radiation dose and changes in sperm quality, and (3) compare the effects of different radiation doses with an unexposed control group. Methods: This experimental study exposed human sperm samples in vitro to X-ray radiation at doses of 15 mGy, 30 mGy, 50 mGy, 70 mGy, and 100 mGy, with an unexposed control group for comparison. Radiation was delivered using a CT scanner. Sperm motility and morphology were evaluated under a light microscope (400x magnification) one hour post-exposure. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc tests. Results: Sperm motility and morphology showed significant differences (p < 0.05) between exposed groups and the control group. Doses of 50 mGy and above significantly reduced motility and altered morphology, while doses of 15–40 mGy caused no significant changes (p > 0.05). Across all exposed groups, reduced motility, viability, and morphological abnormalities were observed, with the most pronounced effects at 50 mGy or higher. Conclusion: X-ray radiation at doses of 50 mGy and above significantly impairs sperm motility, viability, and morphology, suggesting potential reproductive risks. Lower doses (15–40 mGy) appear to have minimal impact. These findings emphasize the importance of limiting X-ray exposure to mitigate fertility risks and highlight the need for further research on its long-term implications.
Keywords: X-Ray, Sperm Motility, Morphology.
