Dr. Alaa Abdulqader Abdulrazaq
Assistant Professor, Ibn Sina University of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Iraq, Baghdad
Dr. Omar Aziz Hassan
Al Ramadi teaching hospital, F.A.B.MS urologist. Al-Anbar, Iraq
Dr. Sura Tami Abduljabbar Al-Taie
Lecturer, college of medicine, University of Baghdad, M.B.CH. B, CABMS Pathology
ABSTRACT
Background: The estrogen receptor (ER) and GATA-binding factor 3 (GATA3) are implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of various cancers, including bladder cancer. Although the relationship between GATA3 and ER in bladder cancer remains underexplored, these markers have shown promise in other neoplasms such as breast cancer. This study investigates the expression patterns of ER and GATA3 in bladder cancer and correlates these with clinicopathological parameters to assess their utility as diagnostic and prognostic markers. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 99 bladder cancer patients at a private hospital and histopathology lab in Ramadi, Iraq, from March 2022 to April 2023. Data collected included age, gender, cancer grade, stage, and the status of ER and GATA3. Results: Among the bladder cancer patients, the majority were male (70.7%) with predominantly high-grade tumors (70.7%). GATA3 positivity was significantly associated with lower-grade tumors, with 89.7% of low-grade cancers exhibiting positive GATA3 expression. No significant correlations were observed between GATA3 expression and patient age or gender. The interaction between ER and GATA3 and its impact on tumor behavior and progression was analyzed, underscoring their potential roles in the molecular pathology of bladder cancer. Conclusion: The expression of GATA3 is significantly associated with lower cancer grades and exhibits a notable relationship with ER status, highlighting their potential as valuable biomarkers for grading and potentially guiding therapy in bladder cancer. This study contributes to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying bladder cancer and reinforces the importance of these markers in clinical pathology.
Keywords: Clinicopathological, Significance, Bladder, Cancer, Estrogen Receptor, GATA3.
